參考資料：Python架站特訓班django最強實戰
1..打開cmd，輸入mkvirtualenv django_first命令建立虛擬環境。
2.輸入pip install django建立Django套件。
3.輸入django-admin startproject students來建立Djano專案，利用cd students來切換目錄。
4.輸入Python manage.py startapp studentsapp來建立應用程式。
5.輸入python manage.py migrate指令進行模型(Model)與資料庫(Database)的同步。
6.輸入python manage.py runserver指令來啟動Server。
7.打開瀏覽器，輸入http://127.0.0.1:8000/網址，開啟首頁。
8. 修改students/settings.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 | """
Django settings for students project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 5.0.2.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/
"""
from pathlib import Path
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-52y=6w_01z!@bcyzkrs@eyl(^s0li20(i8$gokwhbvw-gcj59h'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'studentsapp',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'students.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [BASE_DIR/'templates'],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'students.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = 'static/'
# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
|
9.在students/urls.py新增一條鏈結。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | """
URL configuration for students project.
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from studentsapp.views import index
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('', index),
]
|
10.在studentsapp/views.py下，新增index()函式。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | from django.shortcuts import render from studentsapp.models import student # Create your views here. def index(request): students = student.objects.all().order_by('id') return render(request, "index.html", locals()) |
11.在studentsapp/models.py下，新增student資料模型。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class student(models.Model):
cName = models.CharField(max_length = 20, null = False)
cSex = models.CharField(max_length = 2, default = 'M', null = False)
cBirthday = models.DateField(null = False)
cEmail = models.CharField(max_length = 50, blank = True, default = '')
cPhone = models.CharField(max_length = 50, blank = True, default = '')
cAddr = models.CharField(max_length = 255, blank = True, default = '')
def __str__(self):
return self.cName
|
在執行網站的cmd畫面中，也看到錯誤訊息
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrates
14.重新整理畫面
15.新增超級使用者帳號
python manage.py createsuperuser
帳號：admin
密碼：1234
15.在studentsapp/admin.py新增後台管理student資料庫的程式
1 2 3 4 5 | from django.contrib import admin from studentsapp.models import student # Register your models here. admin.site.register(student) |
16.登錄後台
17.查看student資料庫
18.按下上圖students旁的Add鈕，新增一筆資料。
19.按下上圖的SAVE鈕。
20.重新整理前台畫面
