2024年3月13日 星期三

善用pythonanywhere開發Django網站

1.pythonanywhere：https://www.pythonanywhere.com/


2.按下上圖的login，登錄或申請pythonanywhere的帳號


3.登入pythonanywhere，主要的功能有儀錶板(Dashboard)、主控台(Consoles)、檔案管理(Files)、網站(Web)、工作(Tasks)、資料庫(Database)。


4.選擇Web功能表單


5.選擇左手邊的Add a web app。


6.選擇右下角的Next


7.選擇Django


8.選擇Python 3.10(Django 4.0.6)


9.設定專案名稱和目錄，並按Next鍵。

10.可以按下cmlin.pythonanywhere.com，注意cmlin是使用者名稱。


11.請選擇右上方的Consloes選項。

12.選擇左上方的Bash來啟動主控台，並輸入python manage.py startapp myapp指令。

13.按下回上一頁，並選擇Files功能表單


14.選擇mysite目錄，並建立templates(可以利用new directory來建立)。

15.選擇templates，並建立index.html檔案。

16.選擇index.html，輸入HTML。

17.按下返回上一頁，選擇mysite目錄中的settings.py

完整的程式碼：

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"""
Django settings for mysite project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.0.6.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-5hl#i+cv-9fvfe*8+kp2bw28i!1-(xcvi9f+iac*l5#1)*1+0w'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['cmlin.pythonanywhere.com']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'myapp',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [BASE_DIR/'templates'],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = 'static/'

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

# default static files settings for PythonAnywhere.
# see https://help.pythonanywhere.com/pages/DjangoStaticFiles for more info
MEDIA_ROOT = '/home/cmlin/mysite/media'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = '/home/cmlin/mysite/static'
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

18.存檔，按下返回上一頁，選擇mysite目錄中的urls.py

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"""mysite URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from myapp.views import index

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', index),
]

19.存檔，按下返回上一頁，選擇myapp目錄中的views.py

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from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
def index(request):
    return render(request, "index.html", locals())

20.存檔，按下返回上一頁，選擇Web功能選單，再按下Reload鍵，開啟網站。



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