手把手教你搭建聊天機器人https://medium.com/@hatsukiotowa/手把手教你搭建聊天機器人-linebot-python-qnamaker-heroku-02建造linebot-backend-server-並部署至heroku-59b36357cd9d
1. 安裝虛擬環境的套件
pip install virtualenvwrapper-win
2.建立虛擬環境
mkvirtualenv nkut
3.安裝Django套件
pip install django
4.建立專案及資料庫初始化
django-admin startproject nkut_bot
cd nkut_bot
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py runserver
6.執行結果
python manage.py startapp bot
pip3 install line-bot-sdk
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 | """nkut_bot URL Configuration The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/http/urls/ Examples: Function views 1. Add an import: from my_app import views 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home') Class-based views 1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home') Including another URLconf 1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls')) """ from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path from django.conf.urls import include, url urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^bot/', include('bot.urls')), ] |
10.新增bot/urls.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 | from django.conf.urls import include, url
from . import views
# 用來串接callback主程式
urlpatterns = [
url('^callback/', views.callback),
]
|
11. 開啟bot/views.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 | # import 必要的函式庫
from django.conf import settings
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseBadRequest, HttpResponseForbidden
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from linebot import LineBotApi, WebhookParser
from linebot.exceptions import InvalidSignatureError, LineBotApiError
from linebot.models import MessageEvent, TextSendMessage
# 這邊是Linebot的授權TOKEN(等等註冊LineDeveloper帳號會取得)，我們為DEMO方便暫時存在settings裡面存取，實際上使用的時候記得設成環境變數，不要公開在程式碼裡喔！
line_bot_api = LineBotApi(settings.LINE_CHANNEL_ACCESS_TOKEN)
parser = WebhookParser(settings.LINE_CHANNEL_SECRET)
@csrf_exempt
def callback(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
signature = request.META['HTTP_X_LINE_SIGNATURE']
body = request.body.decode('utf-8')
try:
events = parser.parse(body, signature)
except InvalidSignatureError:
return HttpResponseForbidden()
except LineBotApiError:
return HttpResponseBadRequest()
for event in events:
if isinstance(event, MessageEvent):
line_bot_api.reply_message(
event.reply_token,
TextSendMessage(text=event.message.text)
)
return HttpResponse()
else:
return HttpResponseBadRequest()
|
12.開啟nkut_bot/settings.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 | """ Django settings for nkut_bot project. Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.0.1. For more information on this file, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/settings/ For the full list of settings and their values, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/ """ import os # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...) BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/deployment/checklist/ # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret! SECRET_KEY = 'u&mk93@4^p6jb*$6d5ew9yu(g@37vp18kib0%n8shr^o-0!zkx' # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production! DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] # Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', ] MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ] ROOT_URLCONF = 'nkut_bot.urls' TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [], 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', ], }, }, ] WSGI_APPLICATION = 'nkut_bot.wsgi.application' # Database # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#databases DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'), } } # Password validation # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [ { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator', }, ] # Internationalization # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/i18n/ LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' USE_I18N = True USE_L10N = True USE_TZ = True # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/static-files/ STATIC_URL = '/static/' LINE_CHANNEL_ACCESS_TOKEN = "請填入你剛才在LINE Messaging API的對應值" LINE_CHANNEL_SECRET = "請填入你剛才在LINE Messaging API的對應值" |
14.
pip install django_heroku
15.
pip install gunicorn
16.
pip install dj_static
pip install psycopg2-binary
pip freeze >requirements.txt
heroku create nkutbot
heroku git:remote -a nkutbot
20.
git init
git add .
git config --global user.email "您的Email"
git config --global user.name "您的名字"
21.
git commit -m "initial commit"
22.
heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC=1
23.
git push heroku master
24.
heroku config:set DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=nkut_bot.production_settings
heroku ps:scale web=1
heroku run python manage.py migrate
heroku run python manage.py createsuperuser
heroku open
25.執行結果
