打好Python程式基礎

Python有一個很好用的套件-Turtle(海龜)，初學者可以參考下面文件來學習。

第一個turtle程式：http://drweb.nksh.tp.edu.tw/student/lesson/A01/

1.畫一條線

import turtle

john = turtle.Turtle()

john.forward(100)

2. 更改線的顏色

import turtle

john = turtle.Turtle()

john.color("red")

john.forward(100)

3. 往上畫線

import turtle

john = turtle.Turtle()

john.color("red")

john.forward(100)

john.left(90)

john.forward(50)

4.畫長方形

import turtle

john = turtle.Turtle()

john.color("red")

john.forward(100)

john.left(90)

john.forward(50)

john.left(90)

john.forward(100)

john.left(90)

john.forward(50)

5. 畫正方形

import turtle

john = turtle.Turtle()

for i in [0,1,2,3]:

    john.forward(50)

    john.left(90)

另一種寫法

import turtle

john = turtle.Turtle()

for i in range(4):

    john.forward(50)

    john.left(90)

用函式來表示

import turtle

def drawRect():

    john = turtle.Turtle()

    for i in range(4):

        john.forward(50)

        john.left(90)

drawRect()

6.畫星星

import turtle 

star = turtle.Turtle()

for i in range(5):

    star.forward(50)

    star.right(144)

    

turtle.done()

進階練習

https://michael0x2a.com/blog/turtle-examples

7. 用菱形繪製一個圓圈 (摘自http://mathalope.co.uk/2015/04/22/udacity-programming-fundamentals-with-python-turtle-module-draw-a-circle-out-of-diamonds/)

import turtle

def draw_diamond(some_turtle):

    some_turtle.left(30)

    some_turtle.forward(50)

    some_turtle.right(60)

    some_turtle.forward(50)

    some_turtle.right(120)

    some_turtle.forward(50)

    some_turtle.right(60)

    some_turtle.forward(50)

    some_turtle.right(150)

def draw_art():        

    # Instantiate a Screen object, window. Then customize window.

    window = turtle.Screen()

    window.bgcolor("white")     # set background color

    # Instantiate a Turtle object, brad. Then customize brad.

    brad = turtle.Turtle()

    brad.shape("turtle")      # see Turtle doc

    brad.color("blue")      # see Turtle doc

    brad.speed(0)             # 1 (slowest) to 10 (fastest). 0 means no animation.

    # Draw a circle with 36 diamonds. We rotate each diamond by 10 degrees at a time.

    for i in range (0, 36):      

        draw_diamond(brad)

        brad.right(10)

    # Draw a between middle of circle and the floor

    brad.right(90)

    brad.forward(200)

    

    # How to exit?

    window.exitonclick()      # click on the window to exit

# Invoke the procedure!

draw_art()

8. Turtle star

from turtle import *

color('red', 'yellow')

begin_fill()

while True:

    forward(200)

    left(170)

    if abs(pos()) < 1:

        break

end_fill()

done()