2019年11月16日 星期六

[ django pyecharts ] 製作水果交易網站(二) - 前後台分離

請先參考前一篇文章：製作水果交易網站(一) -在Django中用pyecharts製作圖表

1.安裝rest_framework套件
pip install djangorestframework

2.在settings.py新增rest_framework

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"""
Django settings for django_charts project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.7.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '#ju)%^4hug_+ncl-aa4x7d413^abre=aq3_8@cxv&28l_9r&hk'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'fruitsapp',
    'rest_framework',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'django_charts.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'django_charts.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

3.在urls.py新增路徑

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"""django_charts URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from fruitsapp.views import ChartView, IndexView

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('index/bar/', ChartView.as_view()),
    path('index/', IndexView.as_view()),
]

3.修改views.py程式

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import json
from random import randrange

from django.http import HttpResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView

from pyecharts.charts import Bar
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.globals import ThemeType


# Create your views here.
def response_as_json(data):
    json_str = json.dumps(data)
    response = HttpResponse(
        json_str,
        content_type="application/json",
    )
    response["Access-Control-Allow-Origin"] = "*"
    return response


def json_response(data, code=200):
    data = {
        "code": code,
        "msg": "success",
        "data": data,
    }
    return response_as_json(data)


def json_error(error_string="error", code=500, **kwargs):
    data = {
        "code": code,
        "msg": error_string,
        "data": {}
    }
    data.update(kwargs)
    return response_as_json(data)


JsonResponse = json_response
JsonError = json_error


def bar_base() -> Bar:
    c = (
        Bar(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(theme=ThemeType.LIGHT))
        .add_xaxis(["椪柑", "蘋果 富士進口", "番石榴 珍珠芭", "香蕉", "木瓜 網室紅肉", "甜橙 柳橙", "火龍果 紅肉"])
        .add_yaxis("台北一", [randrange(20, 100) for _ in range(7)])
        .add_yaxis("台北二", [randrange(20, 100) for _ in range(7)])
        .set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="平均價", subtitle="元"))
        .dump_options_with_quotes()
    )
    return c


class ChartView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return JsonResponse(json.loads(bar_base()))


class IndexView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return HttpResponse(content=open("./templates/index.html").read())

4.新增index.html，請儲存在templates目錄下。

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Awesome-pyecharts</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://assets.pyecharts.org/assets/echarts.min.js"></script>

</head>
<body>
    <div id="bar" style="width:1000px; height:600px;"></div>
    <script>
        var chart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('bar'), 'white', {renderer: 'canvas'});

        $(
            function () {
                fetchData(chart);
            }
        );

        function fetchData() {
            $.ajax({
                type: "GET",
                url: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/bar",
                dataType: 'json',
                success: function (result) {
                    chart.setOption(result.data);
                }
            });
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

5.啟動執行

6. 結果

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